1 00:00:03,610 --> 00:00:06,940 WELCOME TO TODAY'S CONVERSATION WITH SCOTT KELLY. 2 00:00:06,940 --> 00:00:10,200 RECENTLY COMPLETED A YEARLONG MISSION WHERE THE INTERNATIONAL 3 00:00:10,200 --> 00:00:13,879 SPACE STATION CONTINUES TO FOLLOW INSIGHTS TO NASA'S 4 00:00:13,879 --> 00:00:15,370 JOURNEY TO MARS. 5 00:00:15,370 --> 00:00:18,470 I AM TABATHA THOMPSON. 6 00:00:18,470 --> 00:00:26,140 TODAY WE'LL HEAR FROM SCOTT AND HIS ONE YEAR MISSION. 7 00:00:26,140 --> 00:00:30,090 WE RECEIVED A LARGE NUMBER OF GREAT QUESTIONS VIA E-MAIL IN 8 00:00:30,090 --> 00:00:31,860 ADVANCE, THANK YOU FOR THOSE. 9 00:00:31,860 --> 00:00:35,390 WE'LL GET TO MANY OF THOSE AS POSSIBLE. 10 00:00:35,390 --> 00:00:39,890 FIRST LET'S START AT A LOOK BACK AT THE ONE-YEAR MISSION. 11 00:00:39,890 --> 00:00:45,970 \M\M\M >> THROUGHOUT HISTORY, PEOPLE 12 00:00:45,970 --> 00:00:55,080 HAVE DONE THINGS THAT ARE RISKY. 13 00:00:55,080 --> 00:01:00,649 EVEN THOUGH IT IS A RISKY THING TO BE DOING, A LOT MORE THAN 14 00:01:00,649 --> 00:01:04,479 SOME THINK, I STILL THINK IT IS WORTH IT. 15 00:01:04,479 --> 00:01:09,720 >> ASTRONAUT SCOTT KELLY WILL TRY SOMETHING THIS SPRING AND 16 00:01:09,720 --> 00:01:15,950 LEAVE FOR A MISSION AND SPEND A YEAR IN SPACE, HIS TWIN BROTHER 17 00:01:15,950 --> 00:01:17,110 MARK KELLY. 18 00:01:17,110 --> 00:01:21,390 >> THEY WILL BE ABLE TO SEE HOW THEY CHANGE PHYSICALLY AND 19 00:01:21,390 --> 00:01:22,840 EMOTIONALLY AS MONTHS PASS. 20 00:01:22,840 --> 00:01:26,380 >> THIS IS A BIT OF A HAIL MARY, BOOM! 21 00:01:26,380 --> 00:01:38,259 SCOTT KELLY AT THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. 22 00:01:38,259 --> 00:01:41,510 >> SCOTT KELLY HAS BEEN WORKING TOWARDS THIS MISSION HIS ENTIRE 23 00:01:41,510 --> 00:01:42,510 CAREER. 24 00:01:42,510 --> 00:01:44,720 HE HAS BEEN WORKING TOWARDS THIS MISSION HIS ENTIRE LIFE IN SOME 25 00:01:44,720 --> 00:01:46,580 RESPECTS. 26 00:01:46,580 --> 00:01:50,631 >> I DECIDED THAT THE CHALLENGES STAYING IN SPACE A WHOLE YEAR 27 00:01:50,631 --> 00:01:56,130 PRESENTED WAS APPEALING TO ME CONSIDERING THE SACRIFICES. 28 00:01:56,130 --> 00:01:58,740 >> HUMAN BODY MADE FOR GRAVITY, NEVER DETERRED THE NAVY TEST 29 00:01:58,740 --> 00:02:01,840 PILOTS FROM BECOMING ASTRONAUTS. 30 00:02:01,840 --> 00:02:13,739 >> ANYTHING WE PUT OUR MIND TO WE HAVE BEEN ABLE TO ACCOMPLISH. 31 00:02:13,739 --> 00:02:16,540 DOING GOOD. 32 00:02:16,540 --> 00:02:21,310 I FEEL LIKE I HAVE BEEN UP HERE A LONG TIME. 33 00:02:21,310 --> 00:02:24,300 LOOK FORWARD TO BEING HOME SOON. 34 00:02:24,300 --> 00:02:25,300 >> GREAT STORY. 35 00:02:25,300 --> 00:02:26,300 FASCINATING EXPERIMENT. 36 00:02:26,300 --> 00:02:34,849 >> SPACE IS THE MOST EXCITING THING I CAN IMAGINE TALKING TO 37 00:02:34,849 --> 00:02:39,680 SOMEONE IN ORBIT IS LIKE I AM AN ASTRONAUT. 38 00:02:39,680 --> 00:02:43,560 >> ARE YOU CONCERNED ABOUT THE PHYSICAL TOLL? 39 00:02:43,560 --> 00:02:46,900 >> I THINK ABOUT THE EFFECTS OF RADIATION. 40 00:02:46,900 --> 00:02:50,700 REASON I AM HERE IS TO LEARN MORE ABOUT IT SO SOME DO WE CAN 41 00:02:50,700 --> 00:02:52,340 TRAVEL. 42 00:02:52,340 --> 00:03:04,690 >> A YEAR WAS NOT SHORT, IT WAS REWARDING AND PRIVILEGED TO 43 00:03:04,690 --> 00:03:10,990 HAVING GOT TO DO. 44 00:03:10,990 --> 00:03:27,849 [APPLAUSE] >> HELLO EVERYONE, GOOD 45 00:03:27,849 --> 00:03:30,310 AFTERNOON, GOOD MORNING TO SOME. 46 00:03:30,310 --> 00:03:36,300 KEEP CLAPPING IN THE SPIRIT, LET'S GIVE ANOTHER HAND TO OUR 47 00:03:36,300 --> 00:03:42,209 GUESTS IN HONOR OF SCOTT KELLY. 48 00:03:42,209 --> 00:03:53,080 [APPLAUSE] I AM FOND OF QUOTING ELEANOR 49 00:03:53,080 --> 00:03:56,159 ROOSEVELT SAYING THE FUTURE BELONGS TO THOSE THAT BELIEVE IN 50 00:03:56,159 --> 00:04:00,209 THE BEAUTY OF THEIR DREAMS. 51 00:04:00,209 --> 00:04:05,970 ONE OF THE EXCITING THINGS ABOUT SCOTT AND OURS, IT ENCOURAGED SO 52 00:04:05,970 --> 00:04:11,610 MANY AROUND THE WORLD TO DREAM, BELIEVE, HOPE. 53 00:04:11,610 --> 00:04:14,360 SO MANY PEOPLE LOOKED AT THOSE 700 IMAGES SCOTT POSTED ON 54 00:04:14,360 --> 00:04:20,779 SOCIAL MEDIA AND NOW WATCHING IMAX MOVIE "A BEAUTIFUL PLANET" 55 00:04:20,779 --> 00:04:21,779 AND INSPIRES. 56 00:04:21,779 --> 00:04:28,319 I REMEMBER AS A YOUNG GIRL GROWING UP IN MONTANA DREAMING 57 00:04:28,319 --> 00:04:32,129 BY APOLLO. 58 00:04:32,129 --> 00:04:33,939 DREAMING TO BE PART OF THE SPACE PROGRAM. 59 00:04:33,939 --> 00:04:39,210 LOOK HOW FORTUNATE I AM TO BE IN FRONT OF YOU ALL HERE NOW. 60 00:04:39,210 --> 00:04:43,789 I KNOW WHAT YOU ARE DOING, SCOTT, IS HAVING THE SAME EXACT 61 00:04:43,789 --> 00:04:48,479 EFFECT ON KIDS AND THE GENERAL PUBLIC ALIKE AND ALL OF US FOLKS 62 00:04:48,479 --> 00:04:49,639 AT NASA. 63 00:04:49,639 --> 00:04:53,819 YOU ARE LITERALLY REACHING MILLIONS OF PEOPLE HERE IN THE 64 00:04:53,819 --> 00:04:55,379 U.S. AND AROUND THE WORLD. 65 00:04:55,379 --> 00:04:56,379 THAT IS WHAT WE CAN HOPE FOR. 66 00:04:56,379 --> 00:04:59,819 THAT IS WHAT WE WANT TO BRING ALL OF HUMANITY WITH US ON ALL 67 00:04:59,819 --> 00:05:01,930 OF OUR EXPLORING. 68 00:05:01,930 --> 00:05:04,430 SCOTT HAS DONE THAT IN TERMS OF THE MESSAGE OF HOPE AND 69 00:05:04,430 --> 00:05:09,240 INSPIRATION AND EXPLORATION AND SHOWING AND BRINGING OUT THE 70 00:05:09,240 --> 00:05:10,379 BEST IN ALL OF US. 71 00:05:10,379 --> 00:05:14,199 IT IS RAISING AWARENESS ABOUT OUR JOURNEY TO MARS. 72 00:05:14,199 --> 00:05:17,800 SPACE STATION IS THE FIRST PHASE OF THE JOURNEY TO MARS. 73 00:05:17,800 --> 00:05:33,940 SCOTT'S JOURNEY MADE AN INCREDIBLE IMPACT. 74 00:05:33,940 --> 00:05:38,300 TO THE NEARLY 400 EXPERIMENTS SCOTT CONDUCTED ON SPACE STATION 75 00:05:38,300 --> 00:05:42,779 DURING HIS YEAR IN SPACE ALONG TO SCOTTS WORKING ON ALL OF HIS 76 00:05:42,779 --> 00:05:47,569 PREVIOUS MISSIONS THAT LED UP. 77 00:05:47,569 --> 00:05:56,069 BETWEEN THE SERVICE, 8,000 HOURS AND 40 DIFFERENT AIRCRAFT AND 78 00:05:56,069 --> 00:05:57,069 SPACECRAFT. 79 00:05:57,069 --> 00:05:58,069 AMAZING. 80 00:05:58,069 --> 00:06:05,860 HE HAS FOREVER CHANGED THE WAY AMERICANS VIEW EXPLORATION AND 81 00:06:05,860 --> 00:06:09,830 OPENED US UP TO THE BIG DREAMS. 82 00:06:09,830 --> 00:06:18,429 JOIN ME IN ONE MORE BIG ROUND OF APPLAUSE, THANK YOU AND THANK 83 00:06:18,429 --> 00:06:25,449 YOU, SCOTT KELLY. 84 00:06:25,449 --> 00:06:34,809 [APPLAUSE] [ CHEERS AND APPLAUSE ] 85 00:06:34,809 --> 00:06:39,490 >> HI THERE. 86 00:06:39,490 --> 00:06:40,490 I HAVE TO SAY HI TO MY FORMER CREW MATE, KATY CULLMAN. 87 00:06:40,490 --> 00:06:42,129 THANK YOU EVERYONE, GREAT TO BE HERE. 88 00:06:42,129 --> 00:06:46,210 GREAT TO BE ANYWHERE WITH GRAVITY NOW. 89 00:06:46,210 --> 00:06:48,910 AFTER NEARLY A YEAR IN SPACE. 90 00:06:48,910 --> 00:06:52,539 ON THE SPACE STATION, I CHANGED POSITIONS SO MANY TIMES YOU 91 00:06:52,539 --> 00:06:55,649 WOULD HAVE THOUGHT I WAS RUNNING FOR PRESIDENT. 92 00:06:55,649 --> 00:06:59,339 I CAN SAY THAT NOW BECAUSE I AM NO LONGER SUBJECT TO THE HATCH 93 00:06:59,339 --> 00:07:01,689 ACT. 94 00:07:01,689 --> 00:07:04,039 [LAUGHTER]. 95 00:07:04,039 --> 00:07:06,090 DIFFERENT KIND OF LIFE. 96 00:07:06,090 --> 00:07:10,779 YOU KNOW, SPENDING A YEAR IN SPACE, A YEAR OF MY LIFE FOR 97 00:07:10,779 --> 00:07:14,539 NEARLY A YEAR, IT WAS A REALLY, REALLY LONG TIME. 98 00:07:14,539 --> 00:07:18,050 YOU WONDER WHY SPEND A YEAR IN SPACE? 99 00:07:18,050 --> 00:07:19,150 WELL, LIKE DR. 100 00:07:19,150 --> 00:07:22,409 NEWMAN SAID TO LEARN, PUSH OUR BOUNDARIES OF 101 00:07:22,409 --> 00:07:28,929 WHAT WE ARE CAPABLE OF BOTH OUR OWN PHYSIOLOGY FROM A 102 00:07:28,929 --> 00:07:33,180 PSYCHOLOGICAL STANDPOINT ALSO HOW TO OPERATE THE SYSTEMS ON 103 00:07:33,180 --> 00:07:40,599 BOARD THE SPACE STATION SO SOME DAY WE ARE GOING TO BE ABLE TO 104 00:07:40,599 --> 00:07:42,929 GO TO MARS. 105 00:07:42,929 --> 00:07:46,999 I AM VERY EXCITED AND FEEL PRIVILEGED TO HAVE BEEN A PART 106 00:07:46,999 --> 00:07:51,229 OF THIS AND HOPEFULLY I'LL CONTINUE TO BE A PART OF NASA'S 107 00:07:51,229 --> 00:07:54,120 JOURNEY TO MARS. 108 00:07:54,120 --> 00:07:57,479 PEOPLE ASK ME WHAT IS THE BEST PART ABOUT FLYING IN SPACE, 109 00:07:57,479 --> 00:08:02,889 LAUNCH LANDING, LOOKING AT EARTH? 110 00:08:02,889 --> 00:08:08,800 INCREDIBLY BEAUTIFUL, FLOATING AROUND IN 0 G? 111 00:08:08,800 --> 00:08:15,249 BEST PART OF IT FOR ME IS WORKING ON THE SOMETHING 112 00:08:15,249 --> 00:08:20,669 INCREDIBLY HARD, MAKING THIS MY LIFE WORK. 113 00:08:20,669 --> 00:08:25,939 WORKING HARD AT IT AND BEING PROUD OF BEING SUCCESSFUL. 114 00:08:25,939 --> 00:08:30,349 I WANT TO MAKE IT CLEAR, THIS IS NOT MY MISSION IN SPACE. 115 00:08:30,349 --> 00:08:31,349 THIS IS OUR MISSION. 116 00:08:31,349 --> 00:08:32,839 THIS IS NASA'S MISSION. 117 00:08:32,839 --> 00:08:36,659 THIS IS OUR COUNTRY'S MISSION TO HAVE ME AND MY COLLEAGUES STAY 118 00:08:36,659 --> 00:08:41,810 ON THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION FOR 340 DAYS. 119 00:08:41,810 --> 00:08:45,959 I WANT TO STRESS IT IS SOMETHING THAT ALL OF YOU AND ALL OF THOSE 120 00:08:45,959 --> 00:08:49,800 WATCHING ON TELEVISION SHOULD BE VERY, VERY PROUD OF. 121 00:08:49,800 --> 00:08:51,140 IT IS NOT EASY. 122 00:08:51,140 --> 00:08:54,550 IT IS ONE OF THE HARDEST THINGS THAT I THINK WE HAVE DONE. 123 00:08:54,550 --> 00:08:59,720 WHAT I WOULD LIKE TO DO IS SHOW MY VIDEO. 124 00:08:59,720 --> 00:09:04,750 I HAVE A VIDEO I AM GOING TO NARRATE A LITTLE BIT AND TALK A 125 00:09:04,750 --> 00:09:10,209 LITTLE BIT MORE, THEN WE'LL HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO HAVE SOME 126 00:09:10,209 --> 00:09:14,579 QUESTIONS AND HOPEFULLY SOME ANSWERS. 127 00:09:14,579 --> 00:09:16,730 WE CAN ROLL THE VIDEO HERE. 128 00:09:16,730 --> 00:09:19,690 \M\M\M THIS IS THE TYPICAL POST FLIGHT 129 00:09:19,690 --> 00:09:24,269 VIDEO MEANING THAT I REALLY HAVEN'T SEEN THIS BEFORE. 130 00:09:24,269 --> 00:09:25,269 [LAUGHTER]. 131 00:09:25,269 --> 00:09:31,200 THIS STARTS OFF IN KAZAKHSTAN AND MY FRIEND MISHA GETTING 132 00:09:31,200 --> 00:09:34,269 READY TO LAUNCH. 133 00:09:34,269 --> 00:09:37,529 DOES NOT LOOK LIKE KENNEDY SPACE CENTER. 134 00:09:37,529 --> 00:09:42,060 IT IS VERY FUNCTIONAL. 135 00:09:42,060 --> 00:09:47,060 UNLIKE THE SPACE SHUTTLE, THEY STAND THIS ROCKET UP A COUPLE OF 136 00:09:47,060 --> 00:09:51,089 DAYS BEFORE AND GET IT READY. 137 00:09:51,089 --> 00:09:55,480 THAT IS US GETTING OUR GLOVES ON. 138 00:09:55,480 --> 00:10:01,470 WE LAUNCHED AT NIGHT LATE MARCH OF LAST YEAR. 139 00:10:01,470 --> 00:10:05,190 WHEN YOU ARE LEAVING THE PLANET WHETHER ON THE SPACE SHUTTLE OR 140 00:10:05,190 --> 00:10:11,879 SOY US, LOOKS LIKE IT IS LIFTING OFF, WHEN YOU ARE ON IT, NOTHING 141 00:10:11,879 --> 00:10:12,879 SLOW. 142 00:10:12,879 --> 00:10:17,620 YOU GET THE FEELING YOU ARE GOING SOME WHERE AND NOT COMING 143 00:10:17,620 --> 00:10:20,620 BACK TO THE LAUNCH PAD. 144 00:10:20,620 --> 00:10:26,980 RIGHT ABOUT THIS TIME GANADI SAYS TO MISHA AND I YOU ARE IN 145 00:10:26,980 --> 00:10:28,540 SPACE. 146 00:10:28,540 --> 00:10:34,959 YOU ARE AND I'LL BLANK OUT THE EXPLETIVE, YOU GUYS ARE HEROS. 147 00:10:34,959 --> 00:10:36,870 [LAUGHTER]. 148 00:10:36,870 --> 00:10:42,370 WE SAID GANADI YOU ARE OUR HERO YOU HAVE GETTING US UP HERE 149 00:10:42,370 --> 00:10:44,170 SAFELY. 150 00:10:44,170 --> 00:10:47,550 HE IS THE REAL DEAL. 151 00:10:47,550 --> 00:10:50,190 THIS IS THE SPACE STATION. 152 00:10:50,190 --> 00:10:56,040 YOU PEOPLE HAVE WORKED ON IT, REALLY A MAGNIFICENT FACILITY. 153 00:10:56,040 --> 00:11:05,480 SEEING IT FROM THE SOYUZ TURNS 154 00:11:05,480 --> 00:11:11,889 TO DO ITS RENDEZVOUS BURN. 155 00:11:11,889 --> 00:11:24,490 THIS IS A DUMB IDEA, MISHA AND I WENT THROUGH THE HATCH TOGETHER. 156 00:11:24,490 --> 00:11:26,939 WE PLANNED THAT 10 SECONDS BEFORE. 157 00:11:26,939 --> 00:11:28,459 I SAID GET OVER HERE. 158 00:11:28,459 --> 00:11:30,690 WE HAVE TO GO THROUGH THE HATCH TOGETHER. 159 00:11:30,690 --> 00:11:38,470 THIS IS A TEAM EFFORT BETWEEN HIM AND I AND ALL OF YOU. 160 00:11:38,470 --> 00:11:43,060 SPACE STATION IS A MAGNIFICENT FACILITY LIKE DR. 161 00:11:43,060 --> 00:11:44,620 NEWMAN WAS SAYING, OVER THE COURSE OF THE 162 00:11:44,620 --> 00:11:51,490 YEAR, 400 DIFFERENT EXPERIMENTS, ALL KINDS OF SCIENTIFIC 163 00:11:51,490 --> 00:11:58,709 DISCIPLINES, BASIC PHYSICS LIKE DOING THE SPHERES EXPERIMENT. 164 00:11:58,709 --> 00:12:03,509 MISHA ASSISTS. 165 00:12:03,509 --> 00:12:08,300 COMBUSTION RESEARCH. 166 00:12:08,300 --> 00:12:12,660 UNDERSTANDING THOSE TO MAKE MORE EFFICIENT ENGINES OR ROCKET 167 00:12:12,660 --> 00:12:13,660 ENGINES. 168 00:12:13,660 --> 00:12:20,810 WE ALSO GREW PLANTS WITH THE VEGGIE EXPERIMENT. 169 00:12:20,810 --> 00:12:24,480 WE HAD THE LETTUCE WE GREW FIRST. 170 00:12:24,480 --> 00:12:31,850 WHEN WE TRIED TO GROW A FLOWER PLANT UNTIL I GOT PERMISSION TO 171 00:12:31,850 --> 00:12:36,930 PUT MY HANDS ON THE FLOWERS. 172 00:12:36,930 --> 00:12:44,990 THEY WERE TOO WET OR TOO DRY OR DRYING. 173 00:12:44,990 --> 00:12:50,329 HERE IS A PICTURE OF CHEL AND I DOING SOMETHING. 174 00:12:50,329 --> 00:12:55,050 NOT SURE WHAT IT WAS. 175 00:12:55,050 --> 00:12:59,029 I WAS THERE WITH 14 DIFFERENT PEOPLE OVER THE COURSE OF THE 176 00:12:59,029 --> 00:13:00,029 YEAR. 177 00:13:00,029 --> 00:13:04,949 ONE OF THEM BEING MISHA, MY RUSSIAN COLLEAGUE WE SPENT 178 00:13:04,949 --> 00:13:06,560 NEARLY THE ENTIRE YEAR TOGETHER. 179 00:13:06,560 --> 00:13:14,350 THIS IS USING THE JAPANESE. 180 00:13:14,350 --> 00:13:19,579 GOOD EXAMPLE OF COMMERCIALIZATION IN SPACE AND 181 00:13:19,579 --> 00:13:21,339 USE ISS AS A RESEARCH. 182 00:13:21,339 --> 00:13:26,399 I TALKED ABOUT COMBUSTION. 183 00:13:26,399 --> 00:13:31,819 INTENTIONALLY LIGHTING A FIRE IN SPACE IS NOT NECESSARILY THE 184 00:13:31,819 --> 00:13:35,870 SMARTEST THING TO DO BUT WE WERE ABLE TO DO IT SAFELY AND LEARN A 185 00:13:35,870 --> 00:13:38,720 LOT FROM DOING THIS. 186 00:13:38,720 --> 00:13:45,029 LIFE SEASONS RESEARCH ON BOARD THE SPACE STATION, CRUCIAL TO 187 00:13:45,029 --> 00:13:49,470 OUR FUTURE JOURNEY TO MARS AS WELL AS UNDERSTANDING HOW OUR 188 00:13:49,470 --> 00:13:55,149 IMMUNE SYSTEM BEHAVES IN THE MICRO GRAVITY ENVIRONMENT. 189 00:13:55,149 --> 00:14:00,380 THAT WAS PART OF THE TWIN'S STUDY THAT WE DID WITH MY 190 00:14:00,380 --> 00:14:06,759 BROTHER COMPARING OUR PHYSIOLOGY WITH HIM AS THE CONTROL SUBJECT 191 00:14:06,759 --> 00:14:08,509 ON THE GROUND. 192 00:14:08,509 --> 00:14:11,100 WE HAD A BUNCH OF VISITING VEHICLES. 193 00:14:11,100 --> 00:14:18,499 THIS WAS HALF WAY THROUGH THE MISSION SERGEI CAME ON BOARD. 194 00:14:18,499 --> 00:14:25,249 I DIDN'T KNOW WHAT AIDEN LOOKED LIKE. 195 00:14:25,249 --> 00:14:32,560 I FIGURED THAT WAS OKAY IT WOULDN'T BE OKAY. 196 00:14:32,560 --> 00:14:37,120 THIS IS NINE ON BOARD THE SPACE STATION. 197 00:14:37,120 --> 00:14:42,499 THIS IS BEFORE THEY ARE LEAVING. 198 00:14:42,499 --> 00:14:47,879 GANADI WHO WE SPENT SIX MONTHS GETTING READY TO LEAVE. 199 00:14:47,879 --> 00:14:50,959 I WAS TRYING TO SNEAK IN THERE BEHIND HIM. 200 00:14:50,959 --> 00:14:52,420 [LAUGHTER]. 201 00:14:52,420 --> 00:14:57,350 NOT THAT I WAS REALLY READY TO COME HOME AT THAT POINT. 202 00:14:57,350 --> 00:15:00,520 WE HAD A BUNCH OF VISITING VEHICLES. 203 00:15:00,520 --> 00:15:06,580 UNFORTUNATELY WE LOST A PROGRESS EARLY ON IN OUR FLIGHT. 204 00:15:06,580 --> 00:15:11,699 AS YOU KNOW WE LOST THE SPACE XSUPPLY SHIP. 205 00:15:11,699 --> 00:15:18,210 WE WERE COUNTING ON TO GET ON BOARD SUCCESSFULLY. 206 00:15:18,210 --> 00:15:20,399 THIS ISN'T THE HTB. 207 00:15:20,399 --> 00:15:27,680 THIS IS THE ORBITAL SCIENCES VEHICLE THAT CHEL CAPTURED. 208 00:15:27,680 --> 00:15:36,709 SOME OF THIS VIDEO IS OUT OF ORDER. 209 00:15:36,709 --> 00:15:46,660 WHEN WE LOST THOSE TWO VEHICLES IT WAS DICEY FOR US. 210 00:15:46,660 --> 00:15:53,290 WE WERE TALKING ABOUT WHAT SUPPLIES WE WERE RATIONING. 211 00:15:53,290 --> 00:15:58,810 WE GAVE SOME OF THE FOOD TO OUR RUSSIAN COLLEAGUES. 212 00:15:58,810 --> 00:16:02,610 THEY WERE RUNNING LOW ON CERTAIN THINGS, FORTUNATELY HTB 213 00:16:02,610 --> 00:16:03,700 LAUNCHED. 214 00:16:03,700 --> 00:16:07,259 ONE THING GOOD ABOUT HOW NASA DOES BUSINESS. 215 00:16:07,259 --> 00:16:11,949 WE TRY TO HAVE A BACK UP PLAN. 216 00:16:11,949 --> 00:16:20,899 GREAT TO GET HTB ON BOARD. 217 00:16:20,899 --> 00:16:26,720 ONE THING STRIKING ABOUT EARTH IS HOW FRAGILE THE ATMOSPHERE 218 00:16:26,720 --> 00:16:30,389 IS. 219 00:16:30,389 --> 00:16:34,500 OVER THE COURSE OF THE 340 DAYS I WAS THERE. 220 00:16:34,500 --> 00:16:37,790 SIX SPACE WALKS, RUSSIANS DID TWO OF THEM. 221 00:16:37,790 --> 00:16:41,139 I DID THREE OF THEM. 222 00:16:41,139 --> 00:16:46,890 AND TIM AND TIM STILL UP THERE DID ONE AS WELL. 223 00:16:46,890 --> 00:16:49,990 TALK ABOUT A HARD JOB. 224 00:16:49,990 --> 00:16:52,559 NOT FUN WHILE YOU ARE DOING IT. 225 00:16:52,559 --> 00:16:58,160 TYPE TWO FUN KIND OF THING, FUN WHEN YOU ARE DONE. 226 00:16:58,160 --> 00:17:06,800 IT IS AN INCREDIBLE EXPERIMENT. 227 00:17:06,800 --> 00:17:14,949 VERY FIRST TIME, MOST CRITICAL JOB OF ALL THE EVA DISCIPLINES 228 00:17:14,949 --> 00:17:17,539 US OUTSIDE OR THE FOLKS ON THE GROUND. 229 00:17:17,539 --> 00:17:21,480 PERSON ACTUALLY PUTTING US IN THE SUIT PLAYS THE MOST 230 00:17:21,480 --> 00:17:25,740 IMPORTANT ROLE AS FAR AS THE SAFETY OF WHAT WE ARE DOING 231 00:17:25,740 --> 00:17:27,260 OUTSIDE. 232 00:17:27,260 --> 00:17:34,260 THE THREE SPACE WALKS WE DID, WE HELPED TO IMPROVE THE END 233 00:17:34,260 --> 00:17:40,140 EFFECTER, DID UPGRADES TO AMS AND INSULATION ON THE FIRST 234 00:17:40,140 --> 00:17:41,380 SPACE WALK. 235 00:17:41,380 --> 00:17:48,760 WE PUT THE AMMONIA COOLING SYSTEM BACK INTO ITS ORIGINAL 236 00:17:48,760 --> 00:17:50,760 CONFIGURATION. 237 00:17:50,760 --> 00:17:55,360 WE HAD THIS THIRD SPACE WALK SORT OF MY THOUGHT. 238 00:17:55,360 --> 00:18:02,760 WE HAD TO DO IT BECAUSE WE FOUND OUT THAT THE SETA CART, THE 239 00:18:02,760 --> 00:18:04,559 BRAKES WERE ON. 240 00:18:04,559 --> 00:18:08,360 I WAS THE LAST GUY TO BE ON THAT THING RIGHT THERE PULLING ON THE 241 00:18:08,360 --> 00:18:09,880 BRAKE HANDLES. 242 00:18:09,880 --> 00:18:14,640 I TAKE FULL RESPONSIBILITY. 243 00:18:14,640 --> 00:18:29,200 HERE IS US TALKING ABOUT THE AMMONIA ON CHEL'S SUIT. 244 00:18:29,200 --> 00:18:34,320 AT THAT POINT YOU REALIZE DESPITE ALL THESE REALLY SMART 245 00:18:34,320 --> 00:18:38,419 PEOPLE ON THE GROUND THAT HELPED DO THE SPACE WALKS, YOU HAVE TO 246 00:18:38,419 --> 00:18:41,980 RELY ON THE PERSON YOU ARE OUT THERE WITH IF ANYTHING GOES 247 00:18:41,980 --> 00:18:42,980 WRONG. 248 00:18:42,980 --> 00:18:50,071 IT WAS AN EYE OPENING FEELING FOR ME IN TERMS OF THE, IN 249 00:18:50,071 --> 00:18:55,590 MATERIALS OF THE TEAM WORK ESPECIALLY BETWEEN THE TWO EVA 250 00:18:55,590 --> 00:18:56,590 BUDDIES. 251 00:18:56,590 --> 00:19:03,590 HERE IS A GREAT VIEW OF HOW BRILLIANT BLUE THE PLANET EARTH 252 00:19:03,590 --> 00:19:04,590 LOOKS. 253 00:19:04,590 --> 00:19:07,529 YOU ARE OUT THERE IN YOUR OWN SPACESHIP AND COMPLETELY 254 00:19:07,529 --> 00:19:11,770 FOCUSSED ON WHAT YOU ARE TRYING TO DO. 255 00:19:11,770 --> 00:19:16,049 LIVING IN SPACE MAKES MOST THINGS HARD INCLUDING DEALING 256 00:19:16,049 --> 00:19:20,390 WITH YOUR CARROTS AND YOUR FOOD. 257 00:19:20,390 --> 00:19:24,679 THIS IS EARLY ON WHEN SAMANTHA AND TERRY BURKES WERE UP THERE. 258 00:19:24,679 --> 00:19:29,990 THEY QUICKLY WITHIN A FEW WEEKS LEFT. 259 00:19:29,990 --> 00:19:37,230 THIS IS IN SEPTEMBER DURING THE NINE CREW OPS. 260 00:19:37,230 --> 00:19:41,840 QUITE A FUN TIME. 261 00:19:41,840 --> 00:19:45,320 YOU KNOW, YOU HAVE HEARD ALL THIS BEFORE. 262 00:19:45,320 --> 00:19:49,230 MICRO GRAVITY MAKES MOST THINGS HARDER TO DO. 263 00:19:49,230 --> 00:19:54,420 I STOPPED CHEL AT THE SPACE STATION, I FLEW ALL THE WAY DOWN 264 00:19:54,420 --> 00:19:55,420 THE LENGTH OF THE MODULE. 265 00:19:55,420 --> 00:19:58,180 I HAD TO TACKLE HIM. 266 00:19:58,180 --> 00:20:02,010 HE WAS COMPLETELY AT MY MERCY. 267 00:20:02,010 --> 00:20:04,530 [LAUGHTER]. 268 00:20:04,530 --> 00:20:08,019 PLAYING WITH BALLS OF WATER IS FUN. 269 00:20:08,019 --> 00:20:10,899 THIS LOOKS LIKE WE ARE GOOFING AROUND MOST OF THE TIME. 270 00:20:10,899 --> 00:20:14,320 TO BE HONEST, YOU ARE WORKING FROM THE TIME YOU GET UP TILL 271 00:20:14,320 --> 00:20:16,929 THE TIME YOU GO TO SLEEP. 272 00:20:16,929 --> 00:20:21,419 WHEN YOU WAKE UP IN THE MORNING AT WORK, GO TO SLEEP AT WORK, 273 00:20:21,419 --> 00:20:26,580 NEVER LEAVE EVEN THROW THE SPACE STATION IS AN INCREDIBLE PLACE 274 00:20:26,580 --> 00:20:33,280 TO LIVE AND WORK AND GREAT FACILITY, WHEN YOU ARE THERE I 275 00:20:33,280 --> 00:20:40,320 WOULDN'T SAY I GOT BOARD, BUT I FELT I HAD BEEN LIVING MY WHOLE 276 00:20:40,320 --> 00:20:43,130 LIFE UP THERE. 277 00:20:43,130 --> 00:20:50,200 SPENDING 500 DAYS TOTALLY, I FEEL LIKE I AM INTIMATELY 278 00:20:50,200 --> 00:20:51,200 FAMILIAR. 279 00:20:51,200 --> 00:20:55,040 I COULD DO A BACK FLIP FROM NODE ONE AND MAKE IT ALL THE WAY TO 280 00:20:55,040 --> 00:20:56,040 NODE TWO. 281 00:20:56,040 --> 00:21:07,299 CHEL GOT GOOD AT MOVING AROUND ON THE SPACE STATION AS WELL. 282 00:21:07,299 --> 00:21:12,070 \M\M\M LIKE I SAID, INCREDIBLY 283 00:21:12,070 --> 00:21:17,360 BEAUTIFUL PLACE, THIS IS FROM THE U.S. LABORATORY MODULE. 284 00:21:17,360 --> 00:21:23,649 I TOOK A LOT OF PICTURES OF THE EARTH AND POSTED THEM ON SOCIAL 285 00:21:23,649 --> 00:21:29,169 MEDIA AND THE WAY I FELT ABOUT IT, IT WAS SOMETHING I WANTED TO 286 00:21:29,169 --> 00:21:30,730 ENGAGE THE PUBLIC WITH. 287 00:21:30,730 --> 00:21:31,730 FUN FOR ME. 288 00:21:31,730 --> 00:21:35,769 FUN TO MAKE THE PICTURES LOOK AS GOOD AS THEY POSSIBLY GOOD. 289 00:21:35,769 --> 00:21:41,299 I USED ARTISTIC LICENSE IN DOING THIS. 290 00:21:41,299 --> 00:21:46,220 AND 16 RISES AND SUNSETS EVERYDAY. 291 00:21:46,220 --> 00:21:52,080 THEY ALWAYS LOOK DIFFERENT AND NEVER GET OLD. 292 00:21:52,080 --> 00:21:55,890 THESE ARE VIEWS OF PROBABLY SOME WHERE ACTUALLY, THAT LOOKED LIKE 293 00:21:55,890 --> 00:22:02,309 THE U.S. BUNCH OF MY INSTAGRAM PICTURES. 294 00:22:02,309 --> 00:22:07,750 OBVIOUSLY SOME OF THIS IS VIDEO. 295 00:22:07,750 --> 00:22:12,150 ONE THING YOU ARE KEENLY AWARE OF IS THE EFFECT WE HAVE ON THE 296 00:22:12,150 --> 00:22:13,150 ENVIRONMENT. 297 00:22:13,150 --> 00:22:17,280 I WAS LOOKING OUT OF CHINA, I COULD SEE ALL THESE CITIES, 200 298 00:22:17,280 --> 00:22:22,260 CITIES, OVER 200 PEOPLE AND NEVER ABLE TO SEE THEM. 299 00:22:22,260 --> 00:22:26,929 NEXT DAY ON THE NEWS, I HEARD THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT TURNED 300 00:22:26,929 --> 00:22:31,659 OFF THE COAL PRODUCING PLANTS IN THAT PART OF CHINA. 301 00:22:31,659 --> 00:22:37,289 THE SKY COMPLETELY CLEARED. 302 00:22:37,289 --> 00:22:42,470 IN CHINA AND INDIA, IF PEOPLE WERE TO TELL ME THERE ARE KIDS 303 00:22:42,470 --> 00:22:47,480 THAT DON'T BELIEVE THE SKY IS BLUE, I WOULD ABSOLUTELY BELIEVE 304 00:22:47,480 --> 00:22:48,720 THEM. 305 00:22:48,720 --> 00:22:53,850 IT WAS WEIRD GETTING UP THERE AND COUPLE OF MONTHS LATER 306 00:22:53,850 --> 00:22:57,990 HAVING CHEL AND KIMIA. 307 00:22:57,990 --> 00:22:59,460 NEVER FLOWN BEFORE. 308 00:22:59,460 --> 00:23:02,190 THEY WERE BRAND NEW ROOKIES. 309 00:23:02,190 --> 00:23:07,400 I SAW THEM SHOW UP AND THEY ARE LIKE BABY BIRDS. 310 00:23:07,400 --> 00:23:14,019 SIX MONTHS LATER THEY SOAR AWAY LIKE EAGLES, SEASONED VETERANS I 311 00:23:14,019 --> 00:23:19,760 JUST WATCHED THEM, JUST WATCHED THEM GROW IN THEIR ABILITIES TO 312 00:23:19,760 --> 00:23:20,870 LIVE AND WORK IN SPACE. 313 00:23:20,870 --> 00:23:25,790 EVENTUALLY IT WAS TIME FOR ME TO COME HOME AFTER NEARLY A YEAR 314 00:23:25,790 --> 00:23:27,940 BEING UP THERE. 315 00:23:27,940 --> 00:23:31,179 WHEN YOU ARE IN THE SHUTTLE COMING HOME, IT IS LIKE DRIVING 316 00:23:31,179 --> 00:23:36,600 DOWN PARK AVENUE IN A BENTLEY, SOYUZ IS MORE LIKE FLIPPING YOUR 317 00:23:36,600 --> 00:23:40,659 PICKUP TRUCK OFF INTO THE WOODS. 318 00:23:40,659 --> 00:23:46,269 GOING OVER NIAGARA FALLS IN A BARREL WHILE YOU ARE ON FIRE. 319 00:23:46,269 --> 00:23:50,090 AS SOON AS YOU REALIZE YOU ARE NOT GOING TO DIE IT IS THE MOST 320 00:23:50,090 --> 00:23:56,980 FUN YOU EVER HAD IN YOUR LIFE. 24 HOURS LATER BACK IN HOUSTON, 321 00:23:56,980 --> 00:24:00,750 I GOT HOME, FIRST THING I DID JUMPED INTO MY SWIMMING POOL, 322 00:24:00,750 --> 00:24:05,840 ATE A MIX TEXAS STEAK, SLEPT IN A BED, TOOK A SHOWER FOR THE 323 00:24:05,840 --> 00:24:08,860 FIRST TIME IN NEARLY A YEAR. 324 00:24:08,860 --> 00:24:13,850 BEST PART WAS THE SATISFACTION OF DOING THE HARDEST THING I 325 00:24:13,850 --> 00:24:19,320 WILL EVER DO IN MY LIFE AND BEING PROUD OF THAT. 326 00:24:19,320 --> 00:24:22,100 WHEN I WAS BACKING AWAY FROM THE SPACE STATION FROM THE LAST TIME 327 00:24:22,100 --> 00:24:28,440 I WILL EVER SEE IT, I LOOKED OUT AT THIS INCREDIBLE SPACE STATION 328 00:24:28,440 --> 00:24:32,820 WE BUILT WITH INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP WITH 15 COUNTRIES, 329 00:24:32,820 --> 00:24:37,169 DIFFERENT LANGUAGES, DIFFERENT ENGINEERING STANDARDS IN SOME 330 00:24:37,169 --> 00:24:40,950 CASES, PUTTING THIS TOGETHER WHILE FLYING AROUND THE EARTH 331 00:24:40,950 --> 00:24:49,110 17,500 MILES AN HOUR IN A VACUUM IN EXTREMES OF TEMPERATURES, I 332 00:24:49,110 --> 00:24:55,950 WAS INSPIRED IF WE CAN DO THIS, HARDEST THING WE HAVE EVER DONE, 333 00:24:55,950 --> 00:24:56,950 WE CAN DO ANYTHING. 334 00:24:56,950 --> 00:25:01,000 IF WE CHOOSE TO GO TO MARS WE CAN GO TO MARS. 335 00:25:01,000 --> 00:25:05,560 IF WE WANT TO CURE CANCER AND PUT THE RESOURCES BEHIND IT, WE 336 00:25:05,560 --> 00:25:07,760 CAN CURE CANCER. 337 00:25:07,760 --> 00:25:13,230 I AM A TRUE BELIEVER NOW, IF WE CAN DREAM IT, WE CAN DO IT, IT 338 00:25:13,230 --> 00:25:15,659 TAKES TEAM WORK, IT TAKES EFFORT. 339 00:25:15,659 --> 00:25:17,650 WE SHOULD NEVER GIVE UP. 340 00:25:17,650 --> 00:25:21,810 SOME DAY, I HOPE, MAYBE THERE ARE KIDS IN HERE, I THINK THE 341 00:25:21,810 --> 00:25:27,240 PERSON THAT IS ALIVE THAT WILL WALK ON MARS IS DEFINITELY ALIVE 342 00:25:27,240 --> 00:25:36,210 TODAY, I WAS PROUD TO BE A PART OF OUR YEAR IN SPACE MISSION, 343 00:25:36,210 --> 00:25:38,520 THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 344 00:25:38,520 --> 00:25:43,940 [APPLAUSE] THANK YOU. 345 00:25:43,940 --> 00:25:49,350 >> THANK YOU, SCOTT. 346 00:25:49,350 --> 00:25:53,410 THANK YOU FOR THE GREAT DESCRIPTION OF YOUR YEAR IN 347 00:25:53,410 --> 00:25:54,410 SPACE. 348 00:25:54,410 --> 00:25:58,399 I THINK WE ENJOYED THAT VIVID DESCRIPTION OF LANDING. 349 00:25:58,399 --> 00:26:00,299 EXCELLENT TOUCH. 350 00:26:00,299 --> 00:26:06,480 FIRST QUESTION WE'LL GO TO THE CENTERS AND OPPORTUNITY TO CUE 351 00:26:06,480 --> 00:26:09,030 UP THE QUESTIONS. 352 00:26:09,030 --> 00:26:12,320 WITH RESPECT TO YOUR PREVIOUS MISSIONS CAN YOU COMMENT ON THE 353 00:26:12,320 --> 00:26:18,059 PHYSIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES BASED ON YOUR LENGTH OF YOUR MISSION? 354 00:26:18,059 --> 00:26:25,330 >> FIRST SIX DAYS, SECOND 13 TO THE SPACE STATION ABOARD THE 355 00:26:25,330 --> 00:26:32,210 SPACE SHUTTLE, THIRD, 159 DAYS, FOUR MONTHS. 356 00:26:32,210 --> 00:26:33,840 THIS ONE, 340 DAYS. 357 00:26:33,840 --> 00:26:39,190 IF YOU GRAPH THESE, SOME SMART PERSON SAID THIS IS SECOND ORDER 358 00:26:39,190 --> 00:26:52,940 POLLY -- IT WOULD HAVE TO BE OVER FIVE YEARS. 359 00:26:52,940 --> 00:26:59,570 I AM EITHER GOING TO MARS OR I AM NOT FLYING IN SPACE AGAIN. 360 00:26:59,570 --> 00:27:08,490 AS FAR AS HOW I FELT AFTER THE FLIGHT BETWEEN 159 DAYS AND 340 361 00:27:08,490 --> 00:27:11,460 DAYS, SEEMS LINEAR TO ME. 362 00:27:11,460 --> 00:27:15,000 IN OTHER WORDS THE FLIGHT WAS TWICE AS LONG AND I FELT TWICE 363 00:27:15,000 --> 00:27:16,429 AS BAD. 364 00:27:16,429 --> 00:27:27,970 WHEN I GOT OUT OF THE SOYUZ IT WAS BECAUSE I AM A GOOD ACTOR. 365 00:27:27,970 --> 00:27:33,190 I HAD TO MAKE SURE I DIDN'T LOOK WORSE THAN THE TWO GUYS I WAS 366 00:27:33,190 --> 00:27:34,929 WITH. 367 00:27:34,929 --> 00:27:39,110 MY COLLEAGUES WOULD NEVER LET ME HEAR THE END OF IT. 368 00:27:39,110 --> 00:27:44,250 QUICKLY AFTER I GOT BACK, I TALKED ABOUT THIS, BEING REALLY, 369 00:27:44,250 --> 00:27:47,649 REALLY SORE AND STIFF. 370 00:27:47,649 --> 00:27:55,269 MY SKIN HAD NOT TOUCHED ANYTHING IN 340 DAYS EXCEPT, YOUR 371 00:27:55,269 --> 00:27:57,100 CLOTHING. 372 00:27:57,100 --> 00:27:59,700 COMPLETELY FELT LIKE IT WAS ON FIRE. 373 00:27:59,700 --> 00:28:06,350 I ACTUALLY HAD SOME RASHES AND DISCOLORATION ANYWHERE I HAD 374 00:28:06,350 --> 00:28:08,070 CONTACT. 375 00:28:08,070 --> 00:28:10,919 I HAD FLU-LIKE SYMPTOMS. 376 00:28:10,919 --> 00:28:16,450 HAD I NOT BEEN IN SPACE, I WOULD HAVE GONE TO THE EMERGENCY ROOM. 377 00:28:16,450 --> 00:28:19,500 HEY, I AM NOT FEELING THAT GREAT. 378 00:28:19,500 --> 00:28:21,679 THAT IS WHY WE DO THIS. 379 00:28:21,679 --> 00:28:25,269 WE NEED TO LEARN THESE THINGS IF WE ARE GOING TO MARS. 380 00:28:25,269 --> 00:28:29,400 FROM MISHA AND I DOING THIS AND OTHERS IN THE FUTURE, WE ARE 381 00:28:29,400 --> 00:28:30,700 GOING TO FIGURE THIS OUT. 382 00:28:30,700 --> 00:28:37,590 IF WE ARE GOING TO SPEND YEARS IN SPACE, YOU ARE GOING TO NEED 383 00:28:37,590 --> 00:28:42,409 ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY TO HELP. 384 00:28:42,409 --> 00:28:45,500 HOPEFULLY WE'LL GO TO MARS AND TAKE US SIX MONTHS TO GET THERE 385 00:28:45,500 --> 00:28:50,250 AND SPEND A BUNCH OF TIME ON THE SERVICE AND ROCKET BACK ANOTHER 386 00:28:50,250 --> 00:28:51,399 SIX MONTHS. 387 00:28:51,399 --> 00:28:53,490 VERY, VERY EXCITING. 388 00:28:53,490 --> 00:28:55,250 >> THANK YOU. 389 00:28:55,250 --> 00:28:58,320 WE HAVE A QUESTION FROM HEADQUARTERS, OPPORTUNITY TO 390 00:28:58,320 --> 00:29:04,740 TAKE A QUESTION. 391 00:29:04,740 --> 00:29:07,070 WAIT FOR THE MICROPHONE. 392 00:29:07,070 --> 00:29:09,410 >> HI, MY NAME IS WANDA GREEN. 393 00:29:09,410 --> 00:29:12,929 I WORK WITH OFFICE OF COMMUNICATIONS IN PUBLIC 394 00:29:12,929 --> 00:29:14,659 INQUIRIES OFFICE. 395 00:29:14,659 --> 00:29:20,750 THIS MAY SOUND FUNNY BUT I AM SERIOUS, WAS THERE EVER A MOMENT 396 00:29:20,750 --> 00:29:25,210 WHERE YOU WERE LIKE: O-M-G, I HAVE TO GET OUT OF THIS 397 00:29:25,210 --> 00:29:27,480 FACILITY? 398 00:29:27,480 --> 00:29:29,750 >> [LAUGHTER]. 399 00:29:29,750 --> 00:29:32,020 >> YEAH. 400 00:29:32,020 --> 00:29:44,590 YOU KNOW, MAY -- I WAS THERE SIX WEEKS. 401 00:29:44,590 --> 00:29:49,830 I AM THINKING YOU KNOW, IT IS, YES. 402 00:29:49,830 --> 00:29:51,299 DOES THAT SOUND BETTER? 403 00:29:51,299 --> 00:29:52,299 >> YES. 404 00:29:52,299 --> 00:29:53,299 >> IT IS LIKE JULY. 405 00:29:53,299 --> 00:29:56,860 I AM THINKING JULY, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER, OCTOBER, NOVEMBER, 406 00:29:56,860 --> 00:30:01,830 DECEMBER, JANUARY, FEBRUARY, I AM THINKING, THIS IS A REALLY, 407 00:30:01,830 --> 00:30:03,500 REALLY LONG TIME. 408 00:30:03,500 --> 00:30:08,539 IT WASN'T LIKE, I NEVER QUITE FELT LIKE I WAS CLIMBING THE 409 00:30:08,539 --> 00:30:09,539 WALLS. 410 00:30:09,539 --> 00:30:12,779 THE SPACE STATION IS PRETTY SPACIOUS. 411 00:30:12,779 --> 00:30:18,320 I NEVER FELT LIKE I WOULD BE HAPPIER IF IT WAS BIGGER. 412 00:30:18,320 --> 00:30:22,550 I THINK NASA CHOOSES PEOPLE TO DO THIS JOB THAT PROBABLY, YOU 413 00:30:22,550 --> 00:30:28,159 WOULDN'T WANT SOMEBODY CLOSTOPHOBIC, I NEVER FELT LIKE 414 00:30:28,159 --> 00:30:30,639 I HAD TO GET OUT OF THERE. 415 00:30:30,639 --> 00:30:36,980 WHEN I WAS LEAVING I HAD A SENSE OF RELIEF. 416 00:30:36,980 --> 00:30:39,899 EVERYTHING IS ON EARTH, PRACTICALLY. 417 00:30:39,899 --> 00:30:41,009 [LAUGHTER]. 418 00:30:41,009 --> 00:30:43,590 ALL THE GOOD STUFF. 419 00:30:43,590 --> 00:30:49,159 >> SCOTT, YOU TALKED ABOUT VEGGIE AND HOW THE TRANSITION 420 00:30:49,159 --> 00:30:53,200 WHEN YOU WENT FROM GROWING LETTUCE TO GROWING FLOWERS AND 421 00:30:53,200 --> 00:30:58,970 THE TIME WHEN YOU WERE ABLE TO MAKE THE DECISION ON YOUR OWN 422 00:30:58,970 --> 00:31:00,860 WEATHER TO WATER. 423 00:31:00,860 --> 00:31:04,490 VEGGIE TEAM AT KENNEDY SPACE CENTER WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF 424 00:31:04,490 --> 00:31:07,610 OTHER ASTRONAUTS WOULD PREFER INDEPENDENT GARDENING OR 425 00:31:07,610 --> 00:31:08,610 SCHEDULED? 426 00:31:08,610 --> 00:31:17,149 >> HAVING SOMETHING COMPLETELY AUTOMATED, IT IS BEST. 427 00:31:17,149 --> 00:31:21,910 GIVES THEM TIME TO DO THINGS THAT CAN'T BE AUTOMATED. 428 00:31:21,910 --> 00:31:28,100 FOR THE VEGGIE EXPERIMENT, I HAD A SENSE OF SATISFACTION TAKING 429 00:31:28,100 --> 00:31:32,269 CARE OF THE PLANTS, I DO UNDERSTAND HOW EXPENSIVE CREW 430 00:31:32,269 --> 00:31:33,269 TIME IS. 431 00:31:33,269 --> 00:31:38,649 IF THAT WAS POSSIBLE THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN BETTER YOU CAN CHECK 432 00:31:38,649 --> 00:31:42,500 ON THE PLANTS AT YOUR LEISURE. 433 00:31:42,500 --> 00:31:50,990 IN THIS CASE WITH THE VEGGIE, ZENIA FLOWERS, THERE ARE 434 00:31:50,990 --> 00:31:53,330 DIFFERENT APPROACHES TO DOING THINGS. 435 00:31:53,330 --> 00:31:57,580 A LOT OF TIMES WE DO EXPERIMENTS CLOSELY CONTROLLED BY THE 436 00:31:57,580 --> 00:32:00,080 GROUND. 437 00:32:00,080 --> 00:32:03,279 IN THIS CASE IT WAS CLEAR THAT WAS NOT GOING TO WORK. 438 00:32:03,279 --> 00:32:08,779 TOO MUCH OF A DELAY AND AMOUNT OF TIME IT TOOK TO DECIDE WITH 439 00:32:08,779 --> 00:32:10,190 WHAT THEY NEEDED. 440 00:32:10,190 --> 00:32:16,210 IT WASN'T UNTIL I STARTED FEELING THEM AND TOUCHING THEM 441 00:32:16,210 --> 00:32:21,580 FIGURING OUT WHAT THEY NEEDED AND HOW TO TAKE CARE OF THEM 442 00:32:21,580 --> 00:32:23,490 THAT THEY DID COME BACK. 443 00:32:23,490 --> 00:32:27,720 IT WAS FUNNY, I WAS TALKING TO ONE OF MY RUSSIAN COLLEAGUES WHY 444 00:32:27,720 --> 00:32:31,940 WE ARE DOING THIS EXPERIMENT, I TOLD THEM IN THE FUTURE WE WANT 445 00:32:31,940 --> 00:32:40,000 TO FLY FLOWERING PLANTS WE CAN EAT LIKE A TOMATO. 446 00:32:40,000 --> 00:32:43,779 IT WAS INTERESTING, RUSSIAN PERSPECTIVE, WHY WOULD YOU WANT 447 00:32:43,779 --> 00:32:50,380 TO GROW A TOMATO AND EAT IT, WHY WOULDN'T YOU GROW A POTATO. 448 00:32:50,380 --> 00:32:53,320 YOU CAN LIVE ON A POTATO, YOU CAN'T LIVE ON A TOMATO. 449 00:32:53,320 --> 00:32:56,559 >> I THINK THERE IS A MOVIE ABOUT THAT. 450 00:32:56,559 --> 00:32:57,559 >> YEAH. 451 00:32:57,559 --> 00:33:05,929 >> WE WERE VERY EXCITED, THIS IS FROM THE VEGGIE TEAM. 452 00:33:05,929 --> 00:33:10,559 THEY WERE LOOKING FOR WAYS TO HELP THE CREW LOOK TO THE 453 00:33:10,559 --> 00:33:13,889 JOURNEY FOR MARS. 454 00:33:13,889 --> 00:33:18,940 WE HAVE A QUESTION NOW FROM GLEN. 455 00:33:18,940 --> 00:33:26,639 >> SCOTT, THINKING ABOUT YOUR EXPERIENCE NOW, LOOKING AHEAD TO 456 00:33:26,639 --> 00:33:31,039 MARS MISSION OR ASTEROID MISSION, WHAT DO YOU THINK WOULD 457 00:33:31,039 --> 00:33:32,409 BE THE NO. 458 00:33:32,409 --> 00:33:36,630 1 ENGINEERING CHALLENGE TO GET HUMANS THERE 459 00:33:36,630 --> 00:33:40,309 AND BACK SAFE ENOUGH AND HEALTHY ENOUGH? 460 00:33:40,309 --> 00:33:46,740 >> YOU KNOW, THERE ARE A FEW CHALLENGES, PROTECTING THE CREW 461 00:33:46,740 --> 00:33:47,740 FROM RADIATION. 462 00:33:47,740 --> 00:33:52,950 IF YOU ARE GOING TO TAKE SIX MONTHS AND AWAY FROM THE 463 00:33:52,950 --> 00:33:56,960 PROTECTION OF EARTH, IT IS CLEAR THAT IS ONE OF OUR ENGINEERING 464 00:33:56,960 --> 00:33:58,419 CHALLENGES. 465 00:33:58,419 --> 00:34:02,049 OTHER CHALLENGES, OF COURSE. 466 00:34:02,049 --> 00:34:09,640 I WOULD WANT A SYSTEM THAT TAKES LESS WORK BY THE CREW, UM, OR 467 00:34:09,640 --> 00:34:12,730 SCRUBBING CARBON DIOXIDE FROM THE ATMOSPHERE. 468 00:34:12,730 --> 00:34:17,460 WE ARE ALWAYS WORKING HARD AND NEEDING SPARE PARTS. 469 00:34:17,460 --> 00:34:26,390 I WOULDN'T, I WOULD BE CAUTIOUS TO TAKE AND UNCOMFORTABLE TAKING 470 00:34:26,390 --> 00:34:32,250 AIR SEEDRA TO MARS IF YOU COULDN'T TAKE THE AMOUNT OF 471 00:34:32,250 --> 00:34:34,550 SPARE PARTS OR EXTRA PARTS. 472 00:34:34,550 --> 00:34:38,330 WE NEED A MORE RELIABLE CAPABILITY TO SCRUB CARBON 473 00:34:38,330 --> 00:34:39,750 DIOXIDE. 474 00:34:39,750 --> 00:34:45,360 I WAS ASKED ON THE SPACE STATION BY THIS REPORTER I WAS DOING AN 475 00:34:45,360 --> 00:34:50,640 INTERVIEW, THE REPORTER SAID NOW THAT NASA DETERMINED THERE IS IN 476 00:34:50,640 --> 00:34:55,980 FACT LIQUID WATER ON MARS DURING CERTAIN TIMES OF YEAR, IS THAT 477 00:34:55,980 --> 00:34:59,020 GOING TO HELP US GET TO MARS QUICKER? 478 00:34:59,020 --> 00:35:02,180 MY ANSWER WAS MAYBE IT WILL. 479 00:35:02,180 --> 00:35:07,990 IF WE FOUND MONEY ON MARS, THEN WE WOULD GET THERE FAST. 480 00:35:07,990 --> 00:35:09,450 [LAUGHTER]. 481 00:35:09,450 --> 00:35:12,200 WE HAVE ALL OF YOU PEOPLE TO FIGURE OUT THE TECHNICAL 482 00:35:12,200 --> 00:35:13,200 CHALLENGES. 483 00:35:13,200 --> 00:35:15,530 WE NEED THE PUBLIC SUPPORT AND MONEY. 484 00:35:15,530 --> 00:35:17,100 >> THANK YOU. 485 00:35:17,100 --> 00:35:20,940 NEXT QUESTION AGAIN FROM CENTER OUTSIDE OF HEADQUARTERS MARSHAL 486 00:35:20,940 --> 00:35:24,170 SPACE FLIGHT CENTER. 487 00:35:24,170 --> 00:35:31,080 >> SCOTT FOLLOWING ON THE QUESTION ASKED BY GLEN, WHAT 488 00:35:31,080 --> 00:35:39,100 SPECIFICALLY IS YOUR GREATEST RECOMMENDATIONS FOR NASA IN 489 00:35:39,100 --> 00:35:40,100 TERMS OF DESIGNING A DEEP SPACE HABITAT. 490 00:35:40,100 --> 00:35:43,650 >> LIVING ON THE SPACE STATION, IT IS A BIG FACILITY. 491 00:35:43,650 --> 00:35:47,930 YOU HAVE A LOT OF PRIVACY. 492 00:35:47,930 --> 00:35:53,290 CERTAIN PARTS THAT ARE LOUD. 493 00:35:53,290 --> 00:35:57,370 IF YOU SEPARATE THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEM 494 00:35:57,370 --> 00:35:58,370 STUFF. 495 00:35:58,370 --> 00:36:02,160 I WOULD SAY IF YOU ARE GOING TO MARS WITH HOWEVER MANY PEOPLE, 496 00:36:02,160 --> 00:36:05,710 FOUR PEOPLE, YOU ARE LIVING ON TOP OF ONE ANOTHER FOR A LONG 497 00:36:05,710 --> 00:36:07,500 TIME. 498 00:36:07,500 --> 00:36:13,530 THE EXERCISE EQUIPMENT IN NODE 3, FUNCTIONAL, TREADMILL IS 499 00:36:13,530 --> 00:36:14,530 LOUD. 500 00:36:14,530 --> 00:36:22,360 YOU WOULD BE LIVING RIGHT NEXT TO THAT TREADMILL WHC, TOILET IS 501 00:36:22,360 --> 00:36:24,700 NOISY. 502 00:36:24,700 --> 00:36:31,710 I THINK HUMAN FACTORS FROM A LIVABILITY PERSPECTIVE, NOISE 503 00:36:31,710 --> 00:36:35,080 ABATEMENT AND PRIVACY AND LIGHTING. 504 00:36:35,080 --> 00:36:44,120 IT WILL GO A LONG WAY INTO REDUCING CREW FATIGUE AND MAKING 505 00:36:44,120 --> 00:36:46,230 MORE EFFICIENT AT WORKING. 506 00:36:46,230 --> 00:36:49,610 I THINK IT IS SOMETHING WE COULD WORK ON. 507 00:36:49,610 --> 00:36:52,940 FUNDS DEVOTED TO A DEEP SPACE HABITAT. 508 00:36:52,940 --> 00:36:58,890 I AM INTERESTED TO HEAR MORE AND WHAT PEOPLE ARE THINKING. 509 00:36:58,890 --> 00:36:59,970 >> GREAT. 510 00:36:59,970 --> 00:37:01,430 WE ARE GOING TO COME BACK TO HEADQUARTERS. 511 00:37:01,430 --> 00:37:05,890 PLEASE RAISE YOUR HAND IF YOU HAVE A QUESTION. 512 00:37:05,890 --> 00:37:12,570 >> SCOTT, I UNDERSTAND THAT WHILE YOU WERE IN SPACE YOU GREW 513 00:37:12,570 --> 00:37:18,310 IN LENGTH, I WAS CURIOUS HOW LONG IT TOOK YOU TO COME BACK TO 514 00:37:18,310 --> 00:37:20,130 YOUR EARTH SIZE? 515 00:37:20,130 --> 00:37:23,010 >> I HAVE NOT COME BACK TO MY EARTH HEIGHT YET. 516 00:37:23,010 --> 00:37:26,390 I GREW TWO FEET. 517 00:37:26,390 --> 00:37:29,870 MY BROTHER IS 3'6". 518 00:37:29,870 --> 00:37:32,050 NOW I CAN RUB HIS HEAD. 519 00:37:32,050 --> 00:37:36,660 IT IS VERY FUN FOR ME. 520 00:37:36,660 --> 00:37:42,040 SO I STRETCHED AN INCH AND A HALF. 521 00:37:42,040 --> 00:37:45,560 THEN AS SOON AS I GOT BACK TO HOUSTON, FIRST THING MY BROTHER 522 00:37:45,560 --> 00:37:48,930 WANTED TO DO IS STAND BACK TO BACK. 523 00:37:48,930 --> 00:37:53,830 WE WERE EXACTLY THE SAME HEIGHT. 524 00:37:53,830 --> 00:37:57,250 >> SPEAKING OF YOUR TWIN BROTHER, MARK, WE HAD A QUESTION 525 00:37:57,250 --> 00:38:00,290 E-MAILED FROM HEADQUARTERS, DO YOU THINK THE AGENCY SHOULD 526 00:38:00,290 --> 00:38:11,110 ACTIVELY RECRUIT IDENTICAL ASTRONAUTS ESPECIALLY FOR A TRIP 527 00:38:11,110 --> 00:38:13,690 TO MARS FOR HUMANS? 528 00:38:13,690 --> 00:38:16,140 >> I THINK THAT IS A QUESTION FOR THE SCIENTISTS. 529 00:38:16,140 --> 00:38:18,940 UNDERSTANDING JUST WHAT I UNDERSTAND ABOUT SOMETHING BEING 530 00:38:18,940 --> 00:38:24,230 STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT, YOU WOULD NEED A LOT OF IDENTICAL 531 00:38:24,230 --> 00:38:25,380 TWIN ASTRONAUTS. 532 00:38:25,380 --> 00:38:31,350 FROM THE TWINS STUDIES IT IS INTERESTING. 533 00:38:31,350 --> 00:38:38,850 I HOPE TO LEARN A LOT, CERTAIN THINGS WE CAN COMPARE WITH MY 534 00:38:38,850 --> 00:38:44,310 BROTHER AND I BEING SIMILAR AND ALL THIS DATA ON MY BROTHER WE 535 00:38:44,310 --> 00:38:48,510 HAVE HAD ALL THESE YEARS. 536 00:38:48,510 --> 00:38:51,130 DRAWING ANY SPECIFIC CONCLUSIONS, IT IS NOT 537 00:38:51,130 --> 00:38:55,130 STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT. 538 00:38:55,130 --> 00:38:59,040 GIVE US IDEAS ON AREAS WE NEED TO LOOK AT FURTHER. 539 00:38:59,040 --> 00:39:04,890 ANSWER WOULD BE I AM NOT SURE, I THINK TO BE SCIENTIFIC CLI 540 00:39:04,890 --> 00:39:07,880 SIGNIFICANT, YOU WOULD HAVE TO HAVE AN AWFUL LOT OF IDENTICAL 541 00:39:07,880 --> 00:39:15,320 TWINS, SURE YOU COULD FIND SOME. 542 00:39:15,320 --> 00:39:21,770 >> NEXT QUESTION IS FOR GOTTERED. 543 00:39:21,770 --> 00:39:27,800 >> YES, ABOUT HOW LONG BEFORE YOU FELL -- BEFORE YOU GOT BACK 544 00:39:27,800 --> 00:39:34,829 TO EARTH, WAS THAT LINEAR WITH RESPECT TO YOUR OTHER FLIGHTS? 545 00:39:34,829 --> 00:39:39,440 >> I'LL HAVE TO GET BACK TO YOU ON THAT ONE. 546 00:39:39,440 --> 00:39:42,420 I AM NOT THERE BY ANY STRETCH. 547 00:39:42,420 --> 00:39:46,620 I AM STILL FATIGUED SOME WHAT AT CERTAIN TIMES. 548 00:39:46,620 --> 00:39:52,890 IF I SIT FOR A LONG TIME MY LEGS ARE STIFF AND MY FEET HURT A LOT 549 00:39:52,890 --> 00:39:57,090 AT CERTAIN TIMES, DEPENDS ON HOW LONG I AM STANDING. 550 00:39:57,090 --> 00:40:01,260 LAST TIME WHEN I FLEW, FOR ME TO FEEL COMPLETELY NORMAL ADJUSTED 551 00:40:01,260 --> 00:40:07,630 TO MY SCHEDULE. 552 00:40:07,630 --> 00:40:12,360 WITHIN A COUPLE OF WEEKS I FELT 95% NORMAL. 553 00:40:12,360 --> 00:40:16,910 THAT LAST 5% PROBABLY TOOK ME SIX MONTHS BEFORE I FELT 554 00:40:16,910 --> 00:40:19,590 COMPLETELY BACK INTEGRATED INTO LIFE. 555 00:40:19,590 --> 00:40:23,770 HOPING IT IS AROUND THE SAME AMOUNT OF TIME. 556 00:40:23,770 --> 00:40:27,570 I SUSPECT IT IS GOING TO BE MUCH LONGER ESPECIALLY CONSIDERING 557 00:40:27,570 --> 00:40:33,450 HOW SORE MY FEET ARE AFTER TWO AND A HALF MONTHS. 558 00:40:33,450 --> 00:40:38,510 GOOD NEWS I DO FEEL BETTER ALL THE TIME. 559 00:40:38,510 --> 00:40:47,170 >> WE HAD A QUESTION COME IN FROM LANGLY IN TERMS OF -- DO 560 00:40:47,170 --> 00:40:50,711 YOU THINK IT WOULD HAVE -- DO YOU THINK YOU WOULD HAVE 561 00:40:50,711 --> 00:40:55,540 EXPERIENCED IMPROVEMENTS WITH VIRTUAL REALITY 360 OF OUTDOOR 562 00:40:55,540 --> 00:40:57,860 SPACES ON EARTH? 563 00:40:57,860 --> 00:40:59,590 >> ABSOLUTELY. 564 00:40:59,590 --> 00:41:04,530 BEFORE I LAUNCHED I WENT TO MICROSOFT IN SEATTLE AND LOOKED 565 00:41:04,530 --> 00:41:09,460 AT THE HOLLOW LENS. 566 00:41:09,460 --> 00:41:16,110 TECHNICAL PERSPECTIVE HOW IT COULD HELP US WITH DAILY 567 00:41:16,110 --> 00:41:17,470 ACTIVITIES. 568 00:41:17,470 --> 00:41:24,050 HAVING A SCIENTIST LOOK OVER YOUR SHOULDER, PUT PROCEDURES IN 569 00:41:24,050 --> 00:41:28,640 YOUR FIELD OF VIEW OR DRAW IN YOUR FIELD OF VIEW. 570 00:41:28,640 --> 00:41:33,860 WE USED THAT BEFORE I LEFT. 571 00:41:33,860 --> 00:41:35,620 IT WAS PRETTY INCREDIBLE. 572 00:41:35,620 --> 00:41:39,450 I THOUGHT WHEN I WAS USING IT IN MICROSOFT THERE WAS A BIG ROOM 573 00:41:39,450 --> 00:41:45,010 IN THE BACKGROUND I DIDN'T SEE WITH ALL OF THESE COMPUTERS. 574 00:41:45,010 --> 00:41:50,310 WE GOT IT ON THE SPACE STATION AND WORKED GREAT. 575 00:41:50,310 --> 00:41:56,300 ALSO HAS THAT CAPABILITY TO GIVE YOU A SENSE FOR BEING BACK ON 576 00:41:56,300 --> 00:42:01,210 EARTH WHETHER IT IS HIKING THE GRAND CANYON OR SOME WHERE ELSE. 577 00:42:01,210 --> 00:42:04,890 IT IS PRETTY E IMMERSIVE EXPERIENCE. 578 00:42:04,890 --> 00:42:12,280 TIM AND I PLAYED A GAME KILLING ALIENS BUSTING THROUGH THE HOLE 579 00:42:12,280 --> 00:42:15,690 OF THE SPACE STATION AND SHOOTING AT THEM WITH OUR 580 00:42:15,690 --> 00:42:16,690 FINGERS. 581 00:42:16,690 --> 00:42:19,880 IT WAS FUN. 582 00:42:19,880 --> 00:42:30,420 INCREDIBLE POTENTIAL INSIDE THE SPACE STATION TO HAVE THIS HEADS 583 00:42:30,420 --> 00:42:33,790 UP DISPLAY WHERE YOU CAN HAVE PEOPLE ON THE GROUND SHARING THE 584 00:42:33,790 --> 00:42:36,990 EXPERIENCE WITH YOU AND HELPING YOU DO YOUR JOB. 585 00:42:36,990 --> 00:42:37,990 >> GREAT. 586 00:42:37,990 --> 00:42:39,210 THANK YOU. 587 00:42:39,210 --> 00:42:43,510 OUR NEXT QUESTION COMES FROM AIMS. 588 00:42:43,510 --> 00:42:48,109 >> MY NAME IS GRACE, MECHANICAL ROBOTICS ENGINEER AT AMES. 589 00:42:48,109 --> 00:42:51,850 YOU MENTIONED TO LOOK AFTER THE FLOWERS, ANY OTHER FLOWERS YOU 590 00:42:51,850 --> 00:42:57,790 HAD TO IMPRO VISE? 591 00:42:57,790 --> 00:43:01,370 >> THERE IS ALWAYS THAT. 592 00:43:01,370 --> 00:43:04,390 THIS IS A BIG TEAM EFFORT. 593 00:43:04,390 --> 00:43:10,720 I THINK PART OF THE, I WOULDN'T SAY REQUIREMENT, I THINK WHAT 594 00:43:10,720 --> 00:43:15,410 MAKES CERTAIN PEOPLE GOOD AT THIS JOB AND OTHERS NOT AS GOOD. 595 00:43:15,410 --> 00:43:19,911 ALWAYS PEOPLE OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ABILITY, RECOGNIZE 596 00:43:19,911 --> 00:43:20,980 THOSE TIMES. 597 00:43:20,980 --> 00:43:23,960 SOMETIMES IT IS A TEAM EFFORT. 598 00:43:23,960 --> 00:43:26,170 THERE ARE SMARTER PEOPLE THAN YOU ARE. 599 00:43:26,170 --> 00:43:29,360 YOU HAVE TO COMPLETELY ENGAGE THEM AND BRING THEM ON BOARD. 600 00:43:29,360 --> 00:43:30,920 IT IS SITUATIONAL DEPENDENT. 601 00:43:30,920 --> 00:43:33,790 IT IS LIKE LEADERSHIP. 602 00:43:33,790 --> 00:43:40,200 IF YOU ARE WORKING ON A TEAM, DEPENDING ON THE POSITION, LET'S 603 00:43:40,200 --> 00:43:43,800 JUST VOTE. 604 00:43:43,800 --> 00:43:48,330 BEING A GOOD LEADER AND TEAMMATE, YOU NEED TO BE A GOOD 605 00:43:48,330 --> 00:43:50,940 FOLLOWER. 606 00:43:50,940 --> 00:43:57,810 YOU HAVE TO BE WILLING TO FOLLOW. 607 00:43:57,810 --> 00:44:02,380 THEN THERE ARE SITUATIONS ON THE SPACE STATION, IT IS AN 608 00:44:02,380 --> 00:44:04,670 EMERGENCY, YOU NEED TO BE THE DICTATOR. 609 00:44:04,670 --> 00:44:08,990 YOU DECIDE AND START TELLING PEOPLE WHAT THEY NEED TO DO. 610 00:44:08,990 --> 00:44:13,110 I THINK IN THE OPERATIONS WE DO ON THE SPACE STATION A LOT OF 611 00:44:13,110 --> 00:44:16,200 TIMES YOU CAN ENGAGE THE GROUND. 612 00:44:16,200 --> 00:44:27,800 A LOT OF OTHER TIMES, ROBOTICS FIELD YOU MENTIONED YOU WORK IN, 613 00:44:27,800 --> 00:44:30,400 YOU NEED TO DO IT. 614 00:44:30,400 --> 00:44:32,691 GET THE JOB DONE AND DO IT. 615 00:44:32,691 --> 00:44:36,300 IT IS SITUATIONAL DEPENDENT. 616 00:44:36,300 --> 00:44:40,610 >> WE ARE GOING TO JOHNSON SPACE CENTER BEFORE COMING BACK FOR 617 00:44:40,610 --> 00:44:43,000 MORE QUESTIONS. 618 00:44:43,000 --> 00:44:46,240 >> HI, I AM AN INDUSTRIAL DESIGNER. 619 00:44:46,240 --> 00:44:48,870 MY QUESTION IS LIFE ON THE ISS. 620 00:44:48,870 --> 00:44:52,690 AS I UNDERSTAND IT, LIFE IS SCHEDULED. 621 00:44:52,690 --> 00:45:00,060 WHAT WOULD YOU HAVE DONE ON YOUR FREE TIME AND EVERY SECOND BEING 622 00:45:00,060 --> 00:45:01,060 SCHEDULED. 623 00:45:01,060 --> 00:45:06,300 >> WE NEED TO GIVE THE CREW AS MUCH AUTONOMY TO MANAGE THE 624 00:45:06,300 --> 00:45:11,970 SCHEDULE AT THE SAME TIME GET THE WORK DONE. 625 00:45:11,970 --> 00:45:12,970 THAT IS A BALANCE. 626 00:45:12,970 --> 00:45:16,280 THERE ARE TIMES WHEN IT IS MORE APPROPRIATE TO SAY HEY, THERE 627 00:45:16,280 --> 00:45:20,560 ARE A FEW THINGS YOU NEED TO DO AND OTHER TIMES YOU HAVE TO 628 00:45:20,560 --> 00:45:25,720 SCHEDULE IT CLOSELY AND GROUND HAS TO MONITOR IT IN FIGURING 629 00:45:25,720 --> 00:45:27,990 THAT OUT IS A CHALLENGE. 630 00:45:27,990 --> 00:45:30,700 YOU WOULD NEVER WANT TO PUT THE CREW IN A SITUATION WHERE THEY 631 00:45:30,700 --> 00:45:32,610 ARE WORKING ALL THE TIME. 632 00:45:32,610 --> 00:45:37,720 YOU DO NEED FREE TIME TO DECOMPRESS AND DO THINGS YOU 633 00:45:37,720 --> 00:45:43,520 FEEL ARE CONDUCIVE TO YOUR MENTAL HEALTH AND RECHARGING 634 00:45:43,520 --> 00:45:45,530 YOUR BATTERIES. 635 00:45:45,530 --> 00:45:48,430 IT IS A BALANCE. 636 00:45:48,430 --> 00:45:50,710 THAT IS THE HARDEST THING FOR ME ABOUT LIVING ON THE SPACE 637 00:45:50,710 --> 00:45:57,650 STATION FOR ANY PERIOD OF TIME, YOU ARE THINKING AHEAD WHAT IS 638 00:45:57,650 --> 00:46:01,920 THE NEXT THING I HAVE TO DO, FIVE MINUTES FROM NOW, FIVE 639 00:46:01,920 --> 00:46:09,060 HOURS FROM NOW OR THE WEEKEND ON MONDAY MORNING, OFTEN IN OUR 640 00:46:09,060 --> 00:46:13,770 DAILY LIVES HERE, ESPECIALLY ON THE WEEKENDS, YOU ARE DOING 641 00:46:13,770 --> 00:46:14,770 THINGS AT YOUR OWN PACE. 642 00:46:14,770 --> 00:46:20,730 THAT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO YOUR MAINTAINING YOUR ENERGY LEVEL 643 00:46:20,730 --> 00:46:23,300 WHICH IS WHAT I TRIED TO DO ON THE SPACE STATION. 644 00:46:23,300 --> 00:46:28,070 I RECOGNIZED I COULDN'T KEEP THE SAME PACE ON MY LAST FLIGHT. 645 00:46:28,070 --> 00:46:36,250 WAY I MANAGED MY FATIGUE LEVEL, CONTROL AND TEMPER DOWN HOW MUCH 646 00:46:36,250 --> 00:46:40,460 EXTRA STUFF I WAS DOING BEYOND WHAT WAS REQUIRED. 647 00:46:40,460 --> 00:46:42,180 FREE TIME, I THINK IS VERY IMPORTANT. 648 00:46:42,180 --> 00:46:43,180 >> THANK YOU. 649 00:46:43,180 --> 00:46:45,910 WE ARE GOING TO GO TO HEADQUARTERS NOW FOR A QUESTION. 650 00:46:45,910 --> 00:46:49,450 >> HI, SCOTT, JASON, I AM AN ENGINEER HERE WORKING TOWARDS MY 651 00:46:49,450 --> 00:46:50,450 DOCTORATE. 652 00:46:50,450 --> 00:46:56,430 WHAT ADVICE CAN YOU GIVE TO INSPIRING ENGINEERS? 653 00:46:56,430 --> 00:47:02,520 >> I HAVE ALWAYS TOLD PEOPLE, I HAVE BEEN IN A PRIVILEGED 654 00:47:02,520 --> 00:47:03,520 POSITION. 655 00:47:03,520 --> 00:47:06,550 PEOPLE THAT WORK IN NASA IN GENERAL, IT IS A PRIVILEGED 656 00:47:06,550 --> 00:47:07,890 POSITION IN SOCIETY. 657 00:47:07,890 --> 00:47:10,650 PEOPLE RESPECT WHAT WE DO. 658 00:47:10,650 --> 00:47:14,860 GENERALLY GET UNIVERSAL SUPPORT. 659 00:47:14,860 --> 00:47:24,550 WHEN PEOPLE ASK ME FOR ADVICE, CAREER ADVICE, ASTRONAUT OR DO 660 00:47:24,550 --> 00:47:25,550 SOMETHING ELSE. 661 00:47:25,550 --> 00:47:31,700 I TELL THEM TO PICK SOMETHING THEY ARE PASSIONATE ABOUT, THEN 662 00:47:31,700 --> 00:47:32,810 WORK HARD AT IT. 663 00:47:32,810 --> 00:47:37,100 IF YOU CHOOSE A FIELD YOU WANT TO WORK IN BECAUSE YOU 664 00:47:37,100 --> 00:47:40,640 INHERENTLY LIKE THAT, THAT IS BETTER THAN CHOOSING SOMETHING 665 00:47:40,640 --> 00:47:43,980 FOR SOME OTHER REASON. 666 00:47:43,980 --> 00:47:47,960 WORK IS A VERY, VERY IMPORTANT PART OF OUR LIVES. 667 00:47:47,960 --> 00:47:49,910 BIG PART OF OUR LIVES. 668 00:47:49,910 --> 00:47:52,680 SOMETHING WE DO FOR A VERY LONG TIME. 669 00:47:52,680 --> 00:47:55,109 MIGHT AS WELL BE SOMETHING YOU ENJOY DOING. 670 00:47:55,109 --> 00:48:00,160 >> THANK YOU, WE ARE GOING BACK TO GLEN FOR ANOTHER QUESTION. 671 00:48:00,160 --> 00:48:02,610 >> HI SCOTT. 672 00:48:02,610 --> 00:48:03,810 MY NAME IS JILL NOBLE. 673 00:48:03,810 --> 00:48:05,210 I HAVE A QUICK QUESTION. 674 00:48:05,210 --> 00:48:09,670 HEARD ON THE NEWS SPEAKING ABOUT FATIGUE AND ENERGY LEVELS HAVE 675 00:48:09,670 --> 00:48:13,070 YOU HAD A CHANCE TO USE THE SPECIALLY DESIGNED COFFEE MUGS 676 00:48:13,070 --> 00:48:14,790 UP ON THE SPACE STATION? 677 00:48:14,790 --> 00:48:16,470 >> I DID. 678 00:48:16,470 --> 00:48:24,320 THAT WAS PRETTY FASCINATING, ACTUALLY HOW THOSE WORKED. 679 00:48:24,320 --> 00:48:32,320 I THINK USING THAT CUP EVERYDAY IS NOT SOMETHING THE CREW WOULD 680 00:48:32,320 --> 00:48:46,110 DO TO DRINK COFFEE BUT HOW WE MOVE FLUIDS AROUND. 681 00:48:46,110 --> 00:48:57,810 I HAD THE IDEA WHEN I WAS UP THERE WATCHING, PUT A TUBE 682 00:48:57,810 --> 00:49:03,120 BETWEEN THE TUBE AND EMPTY INTO ANOTHER. 683 00:49:03,120 --> 00:49:07,750 WHAT IF WE COULD MAKE A SPACE TOILET WITH MUCH LESS MOVING 684 00:49:07,750 --> 00:49:12,540 PARTS HOW GREAT WOULD THAT BE IF WE DIDN'T HAVE TO REPAIR THIS 685 00:49:12,540 --> 00:49:18,700 TOILET WHICH WORKS WELL BUT VERY COMPLICATED WHEN WE ARE GOING TO 686 00:49:18,700 --> 00:49:24,080 MARS AND TURNING URINE INTO WATER IF THAT TOILET DOESN'T 687 00:49:24,080 --> 00:49:26,490 WORK, THE CREW IS GOING TO DIE. 688 00:49:26,490 --> 00:49:27,790 IT IS REALITY. 689 00:49:27,790 --> 00:49:31,950 YOU ARE GOING TO NEED THAT CAPABILITY TO HAVE THE CLOSED 690 00:49:31,950 --> 00:49:34,390 LOOP SYSTEM. 691 00:49:34,390 --> 00:49:38,830 USING THAT TECHNOLOGY TO BUILD A BETTER SPACE TOILET WOULD BE 692 00:49:38,830 --> 00:49:39,830 GREAT. 693 00:49:39,830 --> 00:49:42,260 I SUGGESTED THAT AND HOPE PEOPLE ARE LOOKING INTO THAT. 694 00:49:42,260 --> 00:49:43,390 >> THANK YOU. 695 00:49:43,390 --> 00:49:47,820 NOW WE ARE GOING TO AMES FOR A QUESTION. 696 00:49:47,820 --> 00:49:49,980 >> YES, THANK YOU. 697 00:49:49,980 --> 00:49:50,980 HELLO, SIR. 698 00:49:50,980 --> 00:49:52,960 MY NAME IS ANEMA. 699 00:49:52,960 --> 00:50:00,150 I AM AN ASTRONAUT -- ONE OF THE THINGS I HAVE BEEN PARTICIPATING 700 00:50:00,150 --> 00:50:05,771 IN SIMULATING WHERE I GOT TO BE A COMMANDER FOR A 14-DAY MISSION 701 00:50:05,771 --> 00:50:08,920 LAST JUNE. 702 00:50:08,920 --> 00:50:12,630 YOU ARE FAMILIAR WITH HERA AND WHAT WE HAVE BEEN DOING THERE, 703 00:50:12,630 --> 00:50:13,630 RIGHT? 704 00:50:13,630 --> 00:50:21,390 FROM YOUR ONE-YEAR EXPERIENCE, WHAT DO YOU THINK A LOT OF 705 00:50:21,390 --> 00:50:26,670 PEOPLE HAVE BEEN FOLLOWING ME AND MY JOURNEY. 706 00:50:26,670 --> 00:50:29,680 WHAT DO YOU THINK, IS THIS RELEVANT TO BECOMING AN ACTUAL 707 00:50:29,680 --> 00:50:30,680 ASTRONAUT? 708 00:50:30,680 --> 00:50:32,170 IT HELPS TO GET THESE EXPERIENCES. 709 00:50:32,170 --> 00:50:37,820 IS IT WORTH DOING THESE KIND OF SIMULATIONS? 710 00:50:37,820 --> 00:50:38,820 >> ABSOLUTELY. 711 00:50:38,820 --> 00:50:43,500 I THINK ANYTHING YOU DO THAT CAN DEMONSTRATE NOT ONLY YOUR 712 00:50:43,500 --> 00:50:46,930 TECHNICAL ABILITIES, WHICH IS A SMALL PART OF THIS JOB. 713 00:50:46,930 --> 00:50:54,970 ALSO DEMONSTRATING TEAMWORK, LEADERSHIP, JUST BEING A 714 00:50:54,970 --> 00:50:56,970 GENERALIST, WELL ROUNDED PERSON. 715 00:50:56,970 --> 00:51:00,120 WHEN YOU ARE ON THE SPACE STATION, YOU ARE NOT CALLING THE 716 00:51:00,120 --> 00:51:06,260 REPAIR PERSON, YOU ARE THE PLUMBER, ELECTRICIAN Z 717 00:51:06,260 --> 00:51:10,760 SCIENTISTS, DOCTOR, DENTIST, YOU DO ALL OF THESE THINGS. 718 00:51:10,760 --> 00:51:16,170 OPPORTUNITIES TO DEMONSTRATE AND PRACTICE ALL THESE DIFFERENT 719 00:51:16,170 --> 00:51:21,390 TYPES OF ACTIVITIES YOU MAY HAVE TO DO IN SPACE OR ELSEWHERE IS 720 00:51:21,390 --> 00:51:24,490 IMPORTANT TO ASPIRING ASTRONAUTS. 721 00:51:24,490 --> 00:51:32,140 ALSO IMPORTANT THING IN GENERAL, IN GENERAL LIFE SKILLS. 722 00:51:32,140 --> 00:51:34,870 REALLY IMPORTANT THING IS TEAMWORK. 723 00:51:34,870 --> 00:51:39,170 VERY, VERY IMPORTANT. 724 00:51:39,170 --> 00:51:41,780 ONE PERSON CAN'T DO EVERYTHING. 725 00:51:41,780 --> 00:51:44,450 IT IS REALLY IMPORTANT TO GET ALONG WITH YOUR CREW MATES AND 726 00:51:44,450 --> 00:51:46,250 GET ALONG AS A TEAM. 727 00:51:46,250 --> 00:51:56,680 THAT IS ONE OF THE THINGS NASA DOES SO WELL. 728 00:51:56,680 --> 00:52:01,251 >> HOW DOES BEING IN SPACE LOOKING DOWN AT SPACE CHANGE 729 00:52:01,251 --> 00:52:05,100 YOUR PERCEPTION OF SOCIAL POLITICAL ETHICAL ISSUES GIVEN 730 00:52:05,100 --> 00:52:09,640 YOU HAVE THE ADVANTAGE OF SEEING THE HUMAN RACE AS A WHOLE? 731 00:52:09,640 --> 00:52:17,550 >> LIVING ON THE SPACE STATION HAS CHANGED ME IN THE WAY I AM 732 00:52:17,550 --> 00:52:19,200 GOING TO LIVE MY LIFE. 733 00:52:19,200 --> 00:52:23,090 YOU LIVE WITH VERY LITTLE FOR A LONG TIME. 734 00:52:23,090 --> 00:52:33,930 I WORE THE SAME THING FOR SIX MONTHS, I AM ADJUSTING TO LIFE 735 00:52:33,930 --> 00:52:37,820 BACK ON EARTH, I HAVE ONLY BEEN WEARING THESE A MONTH. 736 00:52:37,820 --> 00:52:39,030 [LAUGHTER]. 737 00:52:39,030 --> 00:52:44,370 PLEASE DON'T GET TOO CLOSE. 738 00:52:44,370 --> 00:52:47,010 THERE ARE TIMES ON THE SPACE STATION YOU DEFINITELY GET THE 739 00:52:47,010 --> 00:52:52,520 FEELING YOU ARE HERE, EVERYONE ELSE IS DOWN THERE AND WE FOLLOW 740 00:52:52,520 --> 00:52:56,680 THE NEWS CLOSELY OR AT LEAST I DO WHEN I AM ON SPACE. 741 00:52:56,680 --> 00:52:59,610 MOST IS BAD NEWS. 742 00:52:59,610 --> 00:53:11,050 YOU BECOME MORE EMPATHIC ABOUT THE BAD STUFF. 743 00:53:11,050 --> 00:53:17,340 LIKE I WAS SAYING EARLIER WITH THE ENVIRONMENT, I FLEW 159 744 00:53:17,340 --> 00:53:21,390 DAYS, IT IS SMOGGY BECAUSE IT IS THAT TIME OF YEAR. 745 00:53:21,390 --> 00:53:24,800 WHEN YOU SEE CHINA AND INDIA ALWAYS BEING COVERED IN 746 00:53:24,800 --> 00:53:34,160 POLLUTION AND HOW YOU CAN EFFECT THE ENVIRONMENT. 747 00:53:34,160 --> 00:53:41,190 WE TAKE CARE OF THE SYSTEMS ON THE SPACE STATION. 748 00:53:41,190 --> 00:53:43,250 SAME THING IS TRUE HERE. 749 00:53:43,250 --> 00:53:44,480 ENVIRONMENT KEEPS US ALIVE. 750 00:53:44,480 --> 00:53:49,450 I THINK FOR THE REST OF MY LIFE, I AM GOING TO BE MORE OF AN 751 00:53:49,450 --> 00:53:54,940 ADVOCATE FOR PEOPLE DOING BETTER IN THAT REGARD. 752 00:53:54,940 --> 00:53:57,560 >> THANK YOU, THANK YOU SO MUCH UNFORTUNATELY THAT IS TIME FOR 753 00:53:57,560 --> 00:53:59,010 OUR LAST QUESTION. 754 00:53:59,010 --> 00:54:08,400 WE APPRECIATE YOUR PARTICIPATION TODAY IN SHARING YOUR INSIGHTS. 755 00:54:08,400 --> 00:54:11,671 [APPLAUSE] >> THANK YOU. 756 00:54:11,671 --> 00:54:16,680 >> THANK YOU FOR YOUR EFFORTS AND THOSE OF YOU THAT WORK AT 757 00:54:16,680 --> 00:54:18,130 NASA IN GENERAL. 758 00:54:18,130 --> 00:54:22,500 THIS 20 YEARS I HAVE SPENT IN THIS AGENCY IS THE HIGHLIGHT OF 759 00:54:22,500 --> 00:54:25,430 MY PROFESSIONAL LIFE. 760 00:54:25,430 --> 00:54:30,270 IT IS A TEAM EFFORT. 761 00:54:30,270 --> 00:54:34,770 I THINK US AT NASA, YOU PEOPLE MAKE STUFF THAT SEEMS 762 00:54:34,770 --> 00:54:36,770 IMPOSSIBLE, POSSIBLE. 763 00:54:36,770 --> 00:54:43,640 THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 764 00:54:43,640 --> 00:54:51,340 [APPLAUSE] >> THANK YOU FOR AN ENGAGING 765 00:54:51,340 --> 00:54:56,190 CONVERSATION, REMEMBER YOU CAN KEEP TRACK OF NASA'S MISSION ON 766 00:54:56,190 --> 00:54:59,160 TWITTER AT NASA, FACEBOOK, TUMBLR, INSTAGRAM AND SNAPCHAT.